Operando electrochemical SERS monitors nanoparticle reactions by capping agent fingerprints

Abstract Nanomaterials are frequently employed in daily life goods, including health, textile, and food industry. A comprehensive picture is lacking on the role of capping agents, added ligand molecules, case nanoparticle reactions degradation aqueous solutions, like surface waters or biofluids. Here, we aim to elucidate agent influence reactivity probing two commonly agents citrate polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Their silver (AgNP) transformation studied, which particularly important due its application as an antimicrobial agent. We induce oxidation reduction processes AgNPs halide solutions monitor associated transformations particles by spectro-electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). bands used here track chemical changes nanoparticles under operando conditions. The sparingly soluble non-plasmon active salts (AgBr AgCl) formed potential bias. In addition, spectroscopically observe plasmon-mediated structural cis- trans-aconitate, while PVP unaltered. different behavior implies a change physical properties AgNPs, particular with respect accessibility. Moreover, showcase that induced external stimuli, such applied bias laser irradiation, can be assessed. Our results demonstrate how SERS exploited conversions liquid media. This approach envisaged provide more understanding fates complex environments varied redox